In addition, people with hemophilia may suffer from internal bleeding that can damage joints, organs, and tissues over time. Men have one X and one Y chromosome, so if their X chromosome has the defective gene, they will have hemophilia.īecause blood does not clot properly without enough clotting factor, any cut or injury carries the risk of excessive bleeding. In fact, some women may have “mild hemophilia,” though this is less common. Due to random chromosome activation, some women carriers may range from asymptomatic to symptomatic depending on how much of their factor VIII or IX is inactivated. Women who have one X chromosome with the defective gene are termed carriers and they can pass the disease onto their sons. Hemophilia results from a genetic defect found on the X chromosome. Hemophilia is classified as type A or type B, based on which type of clotting factor is lacking (factor VIII in type A and factor IX in type B). Hemophilia is a rare, inherited bleeding disorder that can range from mild to severe, depending on how much clotting factor is present in the blood. What Is Hemophilia and How Is It Treated? Heavy bleeding from small cuts or dental work.Symptoms of bleeding disorders may include: Individuals and pregnant women with a family history of bleeding disorders should talk to their doctors about detection and treatment. These diseases are almost always inherited, although in rare cases they can develop later in life if the body forms antibodies that fight against the blood's natural clotting factors. Am I at Risk?īleeding disorders such as hemophilia and von Willebrand disease result when the blood lacks certain clotting factors. You can find information on other bleeding disorders by following the links at the bottom of this page. Platelet disorders are the most common cause of bleeding disorder and are usually acquired rather than inherited. Von Willebrand disease can affect both males and females. Many more people are affected by von Willebrand disease, the most common inherited bleeding disorder in America caused by clotting proteins. Hemophilia is perhaps the most well-known inherited bleeding disorder, although it is relatively rare. Bleeding can result from either too few or abnormal platelets, abnormal or low amounts of clotting proteins, or abnormal blood vessels. While too much clotting can lead to conditions such as heart attacks and strokes, the inability to form clots can be very dangerous as well, as it can result in excessive bleeding. Proteins in the blood called clotting factors then interact to form a fibrin clot, essentially a gel plug, which holds the platelets in place and allows healing to occur at the site of the injury while preventing blood from escaping the blood vessel.
In normal clotting, platelets, a type of blood cell, stick together and form a plug at the site of an injured blood vessel. A hematologist is a medical doctor who applies this specialized knowledge to treat patients with blood conditions.Bleeding disorders are a group of conditions that result when the blood cannot clot properly. It includes problems with the red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, blood vessels, bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, and the proteins involved in bleeding and clotting (hemostasis and thrombosis). Hematology is the study of blood in health and disease. If you are diagnosed with a blood disorder, your doctor may refer you to a hematologist. Talking to your doctor is the first step to take if you believe you may have a blood condition. Common blood disorders include anemia, bleeding disorders such as hemophilia, blood clots, and blood cancers such as leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma. People may be affected by many different types of blood conditions and blood cancers. That is why it is important for you to know about some of the common blood disorders that may affect you. When something is wrong with your blood, it can affect your total health.
Why Should I Know About Blood Conditions?
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